Proton Calorimetry/Experimental Runs/2025/Trento 2025-03

Beam Time Request Forms

https://www.hep.ucl.ac.uk/pbt/wikiData/BeamRequests/Trento_09_2025/

Experiment Equipment

Item	Notes
Network Hub	Set in control room to take output from experimental room ethernet connection. Control laptops connected via 5GHz WiFi.
Control Laptop x2	1 for remote control of FPGA, 1 for notes/web GUI.
Ethernet Cable x 2	To connect DAQ laptop to network in the experimental room, control laptop to network in control room.
Portable Enclosure
Scintillator stacks	4 Modules (to cover the full clinical range, from 60 to 250 MeV)
Scintillating fibers module	1 2D Module
DAQ laptop x1	Control photodiode acquisition.
Nexys Video FPGA development board.	For interfacing between DDC232 and PC.

Schematic

Fiber Module Experiment Equipment

Item	Notes
2D Fiber Arrays	2 Modules of vertical and horizontal fibers
Read-out electronics	2 Hamamatsu S13885-128 photodiode array each coupled to a Hamamatsu C9118-02 driver circuit
ZYBO Z7-10 Diligent FPGA development board.	To provide clocks to C9118.
NI USB-6366 Multifunction I/O device.	For interfacing between C9118 and PC.
DAQ laptop x1	Control photodiode acquisition.

Experiment Plan

For each beam delivery, our acquisition time is 5 seconds. This gives us an optimal number of events. For FLASH beam time restrictions, we could consider reducing the acquisition time, if necessary.

• Set up mains cabling and networking in treatment and control rooms.
  • no beam
• Install Peli case on treatment couch.
  • no beam
• Background
  • no beam
• Calibration shoot-through measurements of 4 stack modules: either rotating case or modules for back shoot-through:
  • 8 beam deliveries 245 MeV conventional current (2 beam deliveries (back and forth) per each module)
  • additional 2 or 3 beam deliveries 245 MeV at conventional current might be needed to find the minimum DDC232 FSR that does not saturate the signal.
  • 8 beam deliveries 245 MeV FLASH current (2 beam deliveries (back and forth) per each module)
  • additional 2 or 3 beam deliveries 245 MeV at FLASH current might be needed to find the minimum DDC232 FSR that does not saturate the signal.
• Pristine Bragg peak measurements at clinical current for full clinical range:
  • 19 beam deliveries from 245 MeV and 240 to 70 MeV in 10 MeV steps.
• Pristine Bragg peak measurements at FLASH current for full clinical range:
  • 19 beam deliveries from 245 MeV and from 240 to 70 MeV in 10 MeV steps at FLASH current.
    • if there is FLASH beam time limitation we can take less energies points. Moreover, we could reduced the acquisition time for each FLASH beam delivery.
• Spot scanning:
  • pristine Bragg Peak measurements at fixed energy (i.e. 150 MeV and 245 MeV) and clinical current shifting the beam up, down, left and right wrt isocenter by 3mm
    • 4 beam deliveries per energy

Setup

• Peli case set up on FLASH station.
• Network connected through TIFPA experimental room patch panel:
  • Inside experimental room:
    • Long cable from patch panel (1) to DLink switch.
    • Long cable from switch to QuARC.
    • Short cable from switch to profile monitor DAQ laptop.
  • Inside control room:
    • Long cable from patch panel (5) to GL.iNet Slate router.
    • Short cables to laptops.
• Case aligned to room lasers:
  • Blocks used for levelling.
  • Set up on height adjustable platform.
  • Aligned to front cover plate.

Measurements 29/09/2025

• Approximately 100 minutes running 29/09/2025 (20:50–22:30).
• Peli case set up without movable stage: 1cm block under front, ~3mm under rear to level case.
• Isocentre at upstream face of first stack (level with inner edge of wheel mounts).
• Alignment checked with in room lasers after each adjustment.
• Beam optics are different between CONV mode and FLASH mode:
  • Other than FLASH shoot through measurement with stack 1, running restricted to CONV mode.
  • Current sufficient at maximum ion source current to almost saturate QuARC).
• SciFi monitor not installed.

Calibration conventional and FLASH

Run number	Modules	Beam Energy (MeV)	Estimated Range (mm)	Ion Source Current (nA)	Delivered protons	Irradiation time	Spot size (mm, FWHM)	DDC232 FSR (pC)	DDC232 Integration Time (us)	Acquisition Time (s)	Degrader WET (mm)	Beam setup	Comments	Photodiode QB Fit	Replay Fit
1	1, 2, 3	Background		0	0	0	N/A	12.5	220	3	0	Background	Lid open
2	1	Background	N/A	0	0	0	N/A	12.5	170	3	0	Background	Lid open
3	1	Background	N/A	0	0	0	N/A	12.5	170	3	0	Background	Lid open, added network switch to DAQ chain
4	1	Background	N/A	0	0	0	N/A	12.5	170	3	0	Background	Lid closed, BG with lid open ~0.10pC per PD, lid closed ~0.014pC
5	1	Background	N/A	0	0	0	N/A	12.5	170	3	0	Background	Lid open, Added long network cable between switch and wall patch panel
6	1	Background	N/A	0	0	0	N/A	12.5	170	3	0	Background	Lid closed, Peli case moved to FLASH beamline station and aligned with lasers @15.13
7	1	Background	N/A	0	0	0	N/A	12.5	170	5	50	Background	Peli case aligned, cover plates removed, 50mm WET installed
8	1	228	325	-	-	-	6.8	12.5	170	5	50	FLASH, low current, shoot through front	Only 50% of measurements acquired, saturating; aiming for 1nA at detector
9	1	228	325	-	-	-	6.8	12.5	170	5	50	FLASH, low current, shoot through front	4 sheets saturating; aiming for 0.5nA at detector
10	1	228	325	-	-	-	6.8	12.5	170	5	50	FLASH, low current, shoot through front	Sheets saturating; aiming for 0.5nA at detector; switching to CONV optics
11	1	228	325	10	4E9	-	6.8	12.5	170	5	50	CONV, high current, shoot through front	Switch to CONV mode, good FSR
12	1	228	325	20	-	-	6.8	350	170	5	50	CONV, high current, shoot through front	~20nA isocentre, ~120pC per sheet maximum
13	1	228	325	-	3E12	-	6.8	350	170	3	50	CONV, high current, shoot through front	~50nA isocentre, ~270pC per sheet maximum, Raspberry Pi frozen, restarted: only ~58% measurements recorded
14	1	Background	N/A	0	0	0	N/A	12.5	170	3	50	Background	Lid closed, stack rotated
15	1	228	325	10	4E9(?)	-	6.8	12.5	170	5	50	CONV, shoot through back	~1nA isocentre(?)
16	2	Background	N/A	0	0	0	N/A	12.5	170	5	50	Background	Lid closed, module 2 installed
17	2	228	325	1	-	-	6.8	12.5	170	5	50	Shoot through front
18	2	228	325	1	-	-	6.8	12.5	170	5	50	Shoot through back	Rotated and reinstalled stack
19	3	Background	N/A	0	0	0	N/A	12.5	170	5	50	Background	Lid closed, module 3 installed
20	3	228	325	1	-	-	6.8	12.5	170	5	50	Shoot through front
21	3	228	325	1	-	-	6.8	12.5	170	5	50	Shoot through back	Rotated and reinstalled stack

Bragg Peak Measurements

Run number	Modules	Beam Energy (MeV)	Estimated Range (mm)	Ion Source Current (nA)	Delivered protons	Irradiation time	Spot size (mm, FWHM)	DDC232 FSR (pC)	DDC232 Integration Time (us)	Acquisition Time (s)	Degrader WET (mm)	Beam setup	Comments	Photodiode QB Fit	Replay Fit
22	1, 2, 3	Background		0	0	0	N/A	12.5	220	5	0	Background	Lid open, 3 modules installed
23	1, 2, 3	Background		0	0	0	N/A	12.5	220	5	0	Background	Lid closed, 3 modules installed
24	1, 2, 3	179	215	1	1.3E11	20	8.7	12.5	220	5	0	CONV full energy	4 photodiodes saturating: drop next current in half, 1.3E11 in 20s			25	1, 2, 3	179	215	15nA	-	-	8.7	12.5	220	5	0	CONV full energy	15nA ion source current, ~1nA isocentre
26	1, 2, 3	179	215	300nA	-	-	8.7	350	220	3	0	CONV full energy, high current	300nA ion source current, ~10nA isocentre
27	1, 2, 3	179	215	250nA	-	-	8.7	350	220	3	0	CONV full energy, high current	250nA ion source current, ~8.3nA isocentre
28	1, 2, 3	179	215	200nA	-	-	8.7	350	220	3	0	CONV full energy, high current	200nA ion source current, ~6.7nA isocentre
29	1, 2, 3	179	215	150nA	-	-	8.7	350	220	3	0	CONV full energy, high current	150nA ion source current, ~5nA isocentre
30	1, 2, 3	179	215	100nA	-	-	8.7	350	220	3	0	CONV full energy, high current	100nA ion source current, ~3.3nA isocentre
31	1, 2, 3	Background		0	0	0	N/A	350	220	3	0	Background
32	1, 2, 3	179	215	60nA	-	-	8.7	50	220	3	0	CONV full energy, high current	60nA ion source current, had to retake
33	1, 2, 3	179	215	80nA	-	-	8.7	100	220	3	0	CONV full energy, high current	80nA ion source current, out of sequence, max 45pC per channel
34	1, 2, 3	179	215	60nA	-	-	8.7	50	220	3	0	CONV full energy, high current	60nA ion source current, had to retake

34 Full Stack (1-2-3, 6 boards) 179 215 8.7 50 220 3 17,647 FLASH-ish beam 40nA ion source current 35 Full Stack (1-2-3, 6 boards) 179 215 8.7 50 220 3 17,647 FLASH-ish beam 20nA ion source current 36 Full Stack (1-2-3, 6 boards) 148 155 10.6 350 220 3 17,647 FLASH-ish beam 300nA ion source current 37 Full Stack (1-2-3, 6 boards) 112 95 13.3 350 220 3 17,647 FLASH-ish beam 300nA ion source current 38 Full Stack (1-2-3, 6 boards) 70 41 16.2 350 220 3 17,647 FLASH-ish beam 300nA ion source current 39 Full Stack (1-2-3, 6 boards) Background - - - 350 220 3 17,647 Lid closed Background 40 Full Stack (1-2-3, 6 boards) Background - - - 12.5 220 3 17,647 Lid closed Background

Measurements 30/09/2025

• Approximately 100 minutes running 29/09/2025 (20:50–22:30).
• Peli case set up without movable stage: 1cm block under front, ~3mm under rear to level case.
• Isocentre at upstream face of first stack (level with inner edge of wheel mounts).
• Alignment checked with in room lasers after each adjustment.
• Beam optics are different between CONV mode and FLASH mode:
  • Other than FLASH shoot through measurement with stack 1, running restricted to CONV mode.
  • Current sufficient at maximum ion source current to almost saturate QuARC).
• SciFi monitor not installed.

Spot scanning Measurements

Run number	Detector	Beam Energy (MeV)	Estimated Range (mm)	Current (nominal) (nA)	Spot size (mm, FWHM)	DDC232 FSR (pC)	DDC232 Integration Time (us)	Degrader WET (mm)	Comments	Photodiode QB Fit	Replay Fit
n	Full Stack	245 MeV	-	-	N/A	12.5	170		top	N/A
n	Full Stack	245 MeV	-	-	N/A	12.5	170		bottom	N/A
n	Full Stack	245 MeV	-	-	N/A	12.5	170		left	N/A
n	Full Stack	245 MeV	-	-	N/A	12.5	170		right	N/A
n	Full Stack	150 MeV	-	-	N/A	12.5	170		top	N/A
n	Full Stack	150 MeV	-	-	N/A	12.5	170		bottom	N/A
n	Full Stack	150 MeV	-	-	N/A	12.5	170		left	N/A
n	Full Stack	150 MeV	-	-	N/A	12.5	170		right	N/A