Proton Calorimetry/Experimental Runs/2019/Apr12-15

UPDATE THIS PAGE 2 night shifts with range calorimeter and single PMT module.

ISDI Sensor Instructions

General Sensor Configuration

Base Configuration is 14 x 1 Bit

Resolution is 1030 x 1536 pixels

For selecting pixel rows in centre: Use horizontal offset (ignore DVAL to activate field) and horizontal resolution

Increase number of frame buffers

To increase the number of frame buffers to the allowed maximum, start XCAP as administrator.

Select Capture/Sequence Capture/Video to Frame Buffers/Driver Assistant

Tick box in left field, then set number of frame buffers here.

Serial Terminal instructions for ISDI sensor

Find serial terminal in PIXCI(R) tab of sensor control software.

In Controls/Options: Make sure "Send string with CR" is selected. Should be default.

In Controls/Setup: Select Serial Port: Enabled. Baud rate has to be 115200

Set low full well mode using W000300000

Set high full well mode using W000300004

Read full well mode using R0003

Continuous Field buffer setting

This setting makes sure that the buffer is filled with a new frame as they come in. If this option is not selected the sensor and software will not be synchronised and we will record a lot of pitch black images.

Select Capture/Live Options//Live Mode/Live Video: Continuous All buffer capture

Equipment List

Item	Notes
Network Hub	Set in control room to take output from experimental room ethernet switcher. Control laptops connected via ethernet or 5GHz WiFi.
Control Laptop x3
DAQ Laptop	In the experimental room
Ethernet Cable x 2	To connect DAQ PC to the network and the network hub to the network system.

Range Detector Experiment

UPDATE

Item	Notes
Portable Enclosure	Modified Big Zarges Waterproof Wheeled Equipment Case. Features mount for scintillator and PMT, opening for beam, and ports for SHV, BNC, SMA, Camera Link cables. Hole for sensor powering. Mylar window with Al support mounted to internal face: approximately light-tight.
Scintillator stack	14 x 2 mm, 15 x 2.6 mm and 20 x 3 mm sheets in ascending order from the front/beam of the end of the scintillator. Sheet 21 not used. Sheet numbers from front to end (in beam direction): 30,29,28,27,26,22,19,18,17,15,14,13,10,7,25,24,23,20,16,12,11,9,8,6,5,4,3,2,1,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50.
ISDI CMOS sensor	sensor pixel dimension: 1030 x 1536. NO optical grease between scintillator and sensor. Connected to DAQ PC via Camera Link cable.
DAQ desktop PC	Controls sensor aquisition.
Gloves	For handling scintillator

Experiment List

12–13th April

0. Find convenient beam intensity that does not saturate sensor: lowest clinical beam energy, smallest beam focus

1. Calibration of detector (highest clinical energy). Shoot from front and back of stack (we have a new entrance window at the back of the stack). Also calibrate at different focus sizes. Also test camera: focus on front of beam stack and centre of beam stack and compare.

2. Test focus (beam size) dependence: shoot pencil beam with ~10 cm range at different focus sizes

3. Measure WET of known blocks of plastic to calibrate range telescope using a pencil beam with ~10cm range. Lennart will check if he can find some PMMA slabs whose WET has been accurately measured. Ideally have some slabs between ~1mm and ~5cm WET thickness. We know that there are some PMMA slabs between 1mm and 5cm thickness, measured by Giulia Arico (OMA fellow). These measurements will be used to benchmark Laurent's reconstruction code. Use tightest beam focus.

4. Repeat 0.-3. with all available ions (protons, helium, carbon and oxgen)

5. Measure SOBP of protons. 10cm deep, 3cm plateau

6. Measure high proton energies (up to 250MeV) using PMMA absorber in front of range telescope.

7. Measure a couple of oxygen pencil beams (range shift) and SOBP

8. Disassemble detector.

13–14th April

0. Calibration for Carbon and calibration for helium at high full well mode. Also test reproducibility: Measure same pencil beam before and after re-assembling detector.

1. Measure Helium and Carbon SOBP through full range of both helium and Carbon. Similar as last time use real SOBP here. The SOBP measurement is useful to show what we are looking at. Measurements taken in step of 5cm PMMA slabs, as last time. Measure in high full well mode of detector. Beam intensities fixed to optimal output of detector. Check source switching time.

2. Repeat 1. with pencil beams but using the realistic beam intensities (2x10^8 for C12 and 2x10^7 for helium). Keep high full well mode for this (measurement useful as reference for intensity scaling of 1 later on).

2.5 Calibration for low full well mode (all following should be in that mode for highest accuracy on carbon fragments)

3. Repeat 2 but in low full well mode for best possible accuracy for helium beam and Carbon fragments. If signal gives too low resolution, find a good helium intensity for onward tests.

4. Use single pencil beam at highest energy (220MeV/u for largest fragment build up) and build small air gaps in the center of the "target": what is the smallest WET change we can see despite the Carbon fragments? What is the smallest lateral gap size we can see for each gap depth? Measure different beam focus sizes. At what depth should the air gap be placed?

->Test 4 different WET differences: 1mm, 2mm, 0.5cm, 1cm. Laterally, Lennart has to check what is the smallest PMMA slab they have two of. Use that to change the gap lateral size.

5. Potentially: Repeat 4 for lower energy. (could be left out)

6. Repeat 4 with different beam intensities (1 higher, 1 lower intensity). Question to be answered: how much helium do we need for this detector? Not needed if we use unrealistic beam intensities following measurement 2. Could also be left out and done in data processing. (not important for us)

7. Build an online moving air gap that was visible well in 4. Laurent has to set up a quick analysis to judge whether the change is visible. For this, build the PMMA slabs on top of the moving platform available at HIT. Lennart will prepare the remote controlling of the moving platform. Irradiate SOBP Plan and move platform across. Take a video of the central pixel signal. We could repeat this even and take a screen-video as we see the online changes when we take the full sensor in integral mode. Can use DSLR camera for this as well. Might be problematic because we can only see the horizontal movement from the side, i.e. we cannot make use of the focus of the camera. We should still be able to see a range mixing of parts of the beam going through the air gap and parts of it going through the full PMMA phantom.

8. Repeat 7 step-wise (6 steps of 0.5cm depending on the time available) and take full view of CMOS for both helium and Carbon. This sequence of images can be combined to a film (gif) in offline analysis.

9. Repeat 7 and 8 for the simple lung phantom. Interesting for publication and Joao has especially requested these measurements. Clarify what Joao is expecting to see. Movie of moving bragg curve with phantom an moving platform?

Measurement 4 and onward could be performed with realistic and/or unrealistic high helium intensity. The latter would give more resolution, but less realism. Lennart would say, that we see in 3 if our signal quality is good enough with the realistic beam and then decide what to do. We can always use high intensities and scale the signal down in data processing. Laurent believes that a helium intensity of 2*10^7 p/s will be observable in our detector but might be a faint signal. We need to decide on the fly if the resolution is ok or not. If not, use higher helium intensity.

14–15th April

0. Shoot-through calibration with 324 MeV/u Helium and Carbon beam (we can also use standard calibration energies, i.e. the highest clinical energies for helium and carbon), helium will be at an intensity of 7*10^8 (that is what was pre-set by the HIT engineers) it can be lowered if needed, but Lennart is still finding out how controlled that is (i.e if we get feedback on the intensity from the accelerator of if we are "blind").

1. Take full depth-dose curve of Carbon and helium. This would be an interesting test to see the signal from Helium at these high energies. Lennart is not sure if he will find enough PMMA with accurately measured WET but is working on it (we need 50 cm PMMA roughly).

2. Shoot through ADAM and measure both Helium and Carbon tail after Phantom. Aim at prostate close to rectum. Lennart chose the 324MeV/u according to a treatment plan. This carbon beam will stop in the prostate close to rectum.

3. Blow up the rectal balloon (2 steps: 50ml air, 75ml air), irradiate both helium and carbon. Do we see changes?

4. Reposition beam/rectal balloon if no change is visible. repeat 2 and 3 as needed.

5. Use no rectal balloon, aim at Prostate and fill Bladder in 2 steps: Do we see changes (no drastic changes expected)? Do only if plenty of time!

6. Aim at center of prostate and rotate phantom in 2 degree steps. Do we see changes? Some issue here is the hull of the phantom, which has a high gradient (curvature and dense material), so changes in range could be related mostly to that and the test might not be very realistic. Can also move phantom laterally as this measurement was recommended by Markus Stock from MedAustron. Could also be left out if under time pressure. Please be more specific about details of measurement: Alignment of phantom

7. Place the phantom vertically and aim at prostate. Measure both helium and carbon. Blow up rectum again (2 steps again) and show difference in range.

8. If still time/energy resources: more realistic lung phantom measurements. Lennart has yet to prepare a plan for these, as he only got the phantom recently. Alternatively, we could investigate the simple lung phantom from GSI, if we weren't able to do that in the second night shift.

9. There is a new pelvis phantom with fixed prostate available at HIT. It can be used for the measurement of horizontal displacements.

Beam Tests

12–13th April

images from sensor: User/Public/Document/EPIX/XCAP/data/ images from dslr: User/Public/Document/Nikon/

• full sensor area
• shooting on back window

• 0. finding the best beam intensity (proton)
• Simon checking the intensity on pixels from dslr with nikon software
• camera settings
  • exposure 1/2 sec
  • aperture f/3
  • ISO 200

Run number	Full Well Mode	Beam Energy (MeV/u)	Range (estimated)	N particles	Spot size (mm)	ion type	DSLR file name	Comments
N	well mode	Energy MeV/u	Range	particles	Spot FWHM	test	dslr file name DSC_	comments
00	low	None	-	None	None	-	-	background
01	high	None	-	None	None	-	-	background
not saved from Laurent	high	None	-	None	None	-	DSC_145	intensity check
02	high	221.06	-	2*10^9	8.1	p	DSC_147	shoot through no degrader
03	high	221.06	-	3.2*10^9	11.1	p	DSC_149	shoot through no degrader. from now on exposure time on dslr 0.2 sec
04	high	221.06	-	3.2*10^9	20.0	p	DSC_150	shoot through no degrader.
05	low	221.06	-	1.2*10^9	20.0	p	DSC_151	shoot through no degrader. exposure time back to 0.5 sec
06	low	221.06	-	1.2*10^9	11.1	p	DSC_152	shoot through no degrader.
07	low	221.06	-	1.2*10^9	8.1	p	DSC_153	shoot through no degrader.
08	high	220.51	-	8*10^8	4.9	He	DSC_155	shoot through no degrader. exposure 0.1 sec
09	high	220.51	-	8*10^8	8.1	He	DSC_156	shoot through no degrader.
10	high	220.51	-	8*10^8	10.1	He	DSC_157	shoot through no degrader.
11	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	3.4	C	DSC_159	shoot through no degrader. ripple filter 3mm
12	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	7.8	C	DSC_160	shoot through no degrader. ripple filter 3mm
13	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	20	C	DSC_161	shoot through no degrader.ripple filter 3mm. exposure 0.5 sec
14	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	3.4	C	DSC_162	shoot through. PMMA 5 cm
15	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	7.8	C	DSC_163	shoot through. PMMA 5cm
16	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	20	C	DSC_164	shoot through. PMMA 5cm
17	high	220.51	-	8*10^8	4.9	He	DSC_165	shoot through. PMMA 5 cm. exposure 0.1
18	high	220.51	-	8*10^8	8.1	He	DSC_166	shoot through. PMMA 5cm
19	high	220.51	-	8*10^8	10.1	He	DSC_167	shoot through. PMMA 5cm
20	high	221.06	-	3.2*10^9	8.1	p	DSC_168	shoot through. PMMA 5 cm. exposure 0.2
21	high	221.06	-	3.2*10^9	11.1	p	DSC_169	shoot through. PMMA 5cm
22	high	221.06	-	3.2*10^9	20	p	DSC_170	shoot through. PMMA 5cm
23	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	3.4	C	DSC_172	shoot through. no absorber. exposure 0.1
24	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	7.8	C	DSC_173	shoot through. no absorber
25	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	20	C	DSC_175	shoot through. no absorber. exposure 0.2 sec

• the case has been ROTEATED around. We now shoot on the FRONT window

Run number	Full Well Mode	Beam Energy (MeV/u)	Range (estimated)	N particles	Spot size (mm)	ion type	DSLR file name	Comments
N	well mode	Energy MeV/u	Range	particles	Spot FWHM	test	dslr file name DSC_	comments
26	high	60.9	-	6*10^8	26.3	p	DSC_176	front window Intensity chack. exposure 0.5 sec
27	high	60.8	-	2*10^8	15.4	He	DSC_178	front window Intensity chack. exposure 0.5 sec
28	high	110.6	-	2*10^7	8.4	C	DSC_180	front window Intensity chack. exposure 0.5 sec
29	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	3.4	C	DSC_181	front window shoot through. no absorber. exposure 0.2 sec
30	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	7.8	C	DSC_182	shoot through. no absorber
31	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	20	C	DSC_183	shoot through. no absorber.
32	high	221.06	-	3.2*10^9	20.0	p	DSC_184	shoot through no degrader.
33	high	221.06	-	3.2*10^9	11.1	p	DSC_185	shoot through no degrader.
34	high	221.06	-	3.2*10^9	8.1	p	DSC_186	shoot through no degrader.
35	high	220.51	-	8*10^8	4.9	He	DSC_187	shoot through no degrader. exposure 0.1 sec
36	high	220.51	-	8*10^8	8.1	He	DSC_188	shoot through no degrader.
37	high	220.51	-	8*10^8	10.1	He	DSC_190	shoot through no degrader.
38	high	220.51	-	8*10^8	4.9	He	DSC_191	shoot through 5cm PMMA. exposure 0.1 sec
39	high	220.51	-	8*10^8	8.1	He	DSC_192	shoot through 5cm PMMA.
40	high	220.51	-	8*10^8	10.1	He	DSC_193	shoot through 5cm PMMA.
41	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	3.4	C	DSC_194	front window shoot through. 5cm PMMA. exposure 0.2 sec
42	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	7.8	C	DSC_195	shoot through. 5cm PMMA
43	high	430.1	-	8*10^7	20	C	DSC_196	shoot through. 5cm PMMA.
44	high	221.06	-	3.2*10^9	8.1	p	DSC_197	shoot through 5cm PMMA. exposure 0.2 sec
45	high	221.06	-	3.2*10^9	11.1	p	DSC_198	shoot through 5cm PMMA.
46	high	221.06	-	3.2*10^9	20.0	p	DSC_199	shoot through 5cm PMMA.
47	high	120.1	-	1.2*10^9	13.4	p	DSC_201	about 10 cm range. exposure 0.1 sec
48	high	120.1	-	1.2*10^9	14.4	p	DSC_202	about 10 cm range
49	high	120.1	-	1.2*10^9	15.4	p	DSC_203	about 10 cm range
50	high	120.1	-	1.2*10^9	16.5	p	DSC_204	about 10 cm range
51	high	120.1	-	1.2*10^9	19.2	p	DSC_205	about 10 cm range
52	high	120.1	-	1.2*10^9	20.9	p	DSC_206	about 10 cm range
53	high	120.42	-	3*10^8	8.1	He	DSC_207	about 10 cm range. exposure 0.1 sec
54	high	120.4	-	3*10^8	8.9	He	DSC_208	about 10 cm range
55	high	120.4	-	3*10^8	10.4	He	DSC_209	about 10 cm range
56	high	120.4	-	3*10^8	12	He	DSC_210	about 10 cm range
57	high	219.8	-	8*10^7	4.7	C	DSC_211	about 10 cm range. exposure 0.1 sec
58	high	219.8	-	1.2*10^9	6.4	C	DSC_212	about 10 cm range
59	high	219.8	-	1.2*10^9	8.5	C	DSC_213	about 10 cm range
60	high	219.8	-	1.2*10^9	10.3	C	DSC_214	about 10 cm range
61	high	219.8	-	1.2*10^9	15.	C	DSC_215	about 10 cm range
62	high	219.8	-	1.2*10^9	20.	C	DSC_216	about 10 cm range

---

---

---

---

copy paste for convenience from Nov2018

Run number	Full Well Mode	Beam Energy (MeV/u)	Range (estimated)	N particles	Spot size (mm)	ion type	DSLR file name	Comments
N	well mode	Energy MeV/u	Range	particles	Spot FWHM	test	dslr file name
00	low	None	-	None	None	-	background
01	low	50.57	22.9	10^8	18.6	He	low energy, low intensity

Carbon ion beam

full sensor

Run number	Full Well Mode	Beam Energy (MeV/u)	Range (estimated)	N particles	Spot size (mm)	Test type	Comments	Thumbnail
N	well mode	Energy MeV/u	Range	particles	Spot FWHM	test	comments
44	high	None	-	None	None	-	background

Proton beam

full sensor

Run number	Full Well Mode	Beam Energy (MeV/u)	Range (estimated)	N particles	Spot size (mm)	Test type	Comments	Thumbnail
N	well mode	Energy MeV/u	Range	particles	Spot FWHM	test	comments
79	high	None	-	None	None	-	background

14–15th April

Beam focus ranges from step 1 (smallest) to step 4 (of 6).

Helium ion beam

full sensor area

Run number	Full Well Mode	Beam Energy (MeV/u)	Range (estimated)	N ions /s	Spot size (mm)	Test type	Comments	Thumbnail
N	well mode	Energy MeV/u	Range	ions/s	Spot FWHM	test	comments
00	high	None	-	None	None	-	background
01	high	50.57	22.9	8x10^8	18.6	He	low energy, max clinical intensity

Mixed Helium and Carbon ions beam

full sensor

Run number	Full Well Mode	Beam Energy (MeV/u)	Range (estimated)	N particles	Spot size (mm)	Test type	Comments	Thumbnail
N	well mode	Energy MeV/u	Range	particles	Spot FWHM	test	comments
09	high	182.32 - 222.31	74.4 - 104.5	-	5.5 - 4.7	C	Real Clinical SOBP, 6 pixel rows (512 offset), 100mm distal edge using clinical weighting with approx. equal time to deliver each layer with single on-axis spot.